Volume 18, Issue 4 (3-2026)
ijhe 2026, 18(4): 765-786 |
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Asgari A, Sobhanardakani S, Cheraghi M, Lorestani B, Kiani Sadr M. Assessing pollution and associated health risks of street dust contaminated with potentially toxic elements, the case of city of Kermanshah. ijhe 2026; 18 (4) :765-786
URL: http://ijhe.tums.ac.ir/article-1-7112-en.html
URL: http://ijhe.tums.ac.ir/article-1-7112-en.html
Ali Asgari1 
, Soheil Sobhanardakani *2 , Mehrdad Cheraghi1 , Bahareh Lorestani1 , Maryam Kiani Sadr1
, Soheil Sobhanardakani *2 , Mehrdad Cheraghi1 , Bahareh Lorestani1 , Maryam Kiani Sadr1
1- Department of the Environment, Ha.C., Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
2- Department of the Environment, Ha.C., Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran ,s_sobhan@iau.ac.ir
2- Department of the Environment, Ha.C., Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran ,
Abstract: (40 Views)
Background and Objective: Street dust, as a significant non-point source of PTEs contamination, is one of the primary pathways through which human can be exposed to environmental pollutants. Therefore, this study was performed to assess the pollution and health risk of As, Cd, Co, Pb, and V in street dust in Kermanshah in 2023.
Materials and Methods: A total of 48 dust samples were collected from 16 sites. After sample digestion, the contents of the elements were determined using ICP-OES. Additionally, the enrichment factor (EF), integrated pollution index (IPI), and Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI) were calculated. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks from exposure to contaminated dust were estimated.
Results: The highest mean contents of As, Cd, and Co, and V with 7.28, 0.729, 9.02, and 8.78 mg/kg, respectively, were belonged to the industrial regions and for Pb with 101 mg/kg was recorded for the commercial areas, reflecting the impact of human inputs, especially from industrial and traffic sources. The EF values indicated that "no" to "severe" enrichment level in the study area. Also, the average values of IPI, indicating the "low" to "high" pollution conditions entire the sampling sites. The mean NIPI values ranged from 1.17 to 1.68, indicating "low" pollution conditions in the study area. The mean average values of HI for children and adults were categorized as "severe risk" and "low risk", respectively. However, the mean TCR values for citizens indicated high carcinogenic risk.
Conclusion: The results indicated that As and Pb had the highest contribution to cumulative health risks for both age groups; therefore, the control of emission sources of these elements, including fossil fuel combustion and traffic and also regular monitoring of street dusts especially in the regions with heavy pollution level are recommended.
Materials and Methods: A total of 48 dust samples were collected from 16 sites. After sample digestion, the contents of the elements were determined using ICP-OES. Additionally, the enrichment factor (EF), integrated pollution index (IPI), and Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI) were calculated. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks from exposure to contaminated dust were estimated.
Results: The highest mean contents of As, Cd, and Co, and V with 7.28, 0.729, 9.02, and 8.78 mg/kg, respectively, were belonged to the industrial regions and for Pb with 101 mg/kg was recorded for the commercial areas, reflecting the impact of human inputs, especially from industrial and traffic sources. The EF values indicated that "no" to "severe" enrichment level in the study area. Also, the average values of IPI, indicating the "low" to "high" pollution conditions entire the sampling sites. The mean NIPI values ranged from 1.17 to 1.68, indicating "low" pollution conditions in the study area. The mean average values of HI for children and adults were categorized as "severe risk" and "low risk", respectively. However, the mean TCR values for citizens indicated high carcinogenic risk.
Conclusion: The results indicated that As and Pb had the highest contribution to cumulative health risks for both age groups; therefore, the control of emission sources of these elements, including fossil fuel combustion and traffic and also regular monitoring of street dusts especially in the regions with heavy pollution level are recommended.
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