fa بررسی حضور میکروپلاستیک ها در دستگاه گوارش گونه هوور مسقطی (Katsuwonus pelamis) در خلیج چابهار آب WATER پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">زمینه و هدف:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">میکروپلاستیک</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">‌</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ها به دلیل اندازه کوچک، توسط طیف گسترده</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">&lrm;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ای از جانداران دریایی استفاده و عمدتاً در دستگاه گوارش آن‌ها انباشته می‌شوند، بطوریکه در بافت</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">&lrm;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">های صدها گونه از آبزیان از جمله ماهی‌ها یافت شده‌اند. به دلیل اهمیت غذایی ماهی برای انسان بررسی آلودگی آن</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">&lrm;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ها بسیار مهم است. هدف اصلی این مطالعه بررسی حضور میکروپلاستیک</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">&lrm;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ها در ماهی هوور مسقطی (</span></span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Katsuwonus pelamis</span></span></i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">) دریای عمان است. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">روش بررسی:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">در مجموع از ۱۷ قطعه ماهی </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">هوور مسقطی </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">استفاده شد. پس از زیست سنجی و تشریح و جداسازی دستگاه گوارش ماهی، ابتدا عمل هضم و استخراج </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">میکروپلاستیک‌ها </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">با استفاده از محلول </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">KOH</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> صورت گرفت.</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> شناسایی و شمارش نیز توسط استریومیکروسکوپ مجهز به دوربین دیجیتال انجام شد. برای بررسی پلیمری، آنالیزهای اسپکتروفتومتری </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">FTIR</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> انجام گرفت.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">یافته</span></span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">‌</span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ها:</span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> فراوانی کل و میانگین فر</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ا</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">وانی میکروپلاستیک ها به ترتیب ۳۳۱ ذره و 7/3</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">&plusmn;</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">19/4ذره در فرد است.</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">رشته (64/35 </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">درصد</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">) و قطعات (28/7</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">درصد</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">) اشکال غالب را در نمونه</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">&lrm;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ها تشکیل دادند.</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">بیشترین طیف رنگی به قرمز (28/7 </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">درصد</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">) و کمترین به بنفش (1/51</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">درصد</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">) اختصاص داشت. بیشترین تعداد میکروپلاستیک</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">&lrm;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">های شناسایی شده </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">دارای اندازه </span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span dir="LTR" style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">mm</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> 0/5-۱ (۵۳</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">درصد</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">) بودند. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">بررسی ذرات به روش </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ATR-FTIR</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> نشان داد که پلیمر نایلون و پلی کربنات، ذرات پلیمری غالب بودند.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> در تمام نمونه</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">&lrm;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ها میکروپلاستیک وجود داشت. فراوانی میکروپلاستیک ها در آب، رسوبات و طعمه آلوده باعث می‌شود تا به‌راحتی در دسترس بوده و توسط ماهیان بلعیده شوند که این به‌احتمال‌زیاد عامل اصلی وجود میکروپلاستیک در ماهی ها است.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background and Objective:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Microplastic pollution due to its small size can be used by a wide range of marine organisms and accumulate mainly in their digestive system, as they have been found in the tissues of aquatic animals, including fish. Due to the nutritional importance of fish for humans, it is very important to check their contamination. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the presence of microplastics in skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) in the Oman Sea.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Materials and Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> 17 pieces of skipjack tuna were used. After the biometry, dissection and isolation of the digestive system of the fish, the digestion and extraction of microplastics were done using KOH solution. Identification and counting were also done by a stereomicroscope equipped with a digital camera. FTIR spectrophotometric analyses were performed to investigate the polymers.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The total frequency and average frequency of microplastics are 331 particles and 19.4&plusmn;7.3 particles per individual, respectively. String (64.35%) and pieces (28.7%) were the dominant forms in the samples. The highest color spectrum was assigned to red (28.7%) and the lowest to violet (1.51%). The largest number of identified microplastics had a size of 0.5-1 mm (53%). Analysis of particles by ATR-FTIR method showed that nylon polymer and polycarbonate were the dominant polymer particles.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Microplastics are present in all samples. The abundance of microplastics in water, sediments and contaminated bait makes them easily available and swallowed by fish, which is most likely the main reason for the presence of microplastics in fish.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp;</div> میکروپلاستیک, تن ماهیان, هوور مسقطی, دریای عمان Microplastics, Skipjack, Katsuwonus pelamis, Oman sea 629 652 http://ijhe.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2696-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Lieli Amirkia لیلی امیر کیا lieliamirkia4@gmail.com No Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Maritime and Marine Sciences University, Chabahar, Iran گروه زیست شناسی دریا، دانشکده علوم دریایی، دانشگاه دریانوردی و علوم دریایی، چابهار، ایران Arash Shakouri آرش شکوری aarash220@yahoo.com Yes Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Maritime and Marine Sciences University, Chabahar, Iran گروه زیست شناسی دریا، دانشکده علوم دریایی، دانشگاه دریانوردی و علوم دریایی، چابهار، ایران