fa تعیین مقدار عناصر نقره، سرب و روی در برخی گونه های گیاهی بومی رشد یافته در منطقه معدن طلای زرشوران، شمال غرب ایران عمومى General پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">زمینه و هدف</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">: فناوری گیاه پالایی از جمله روش &shy;های پالایش سازگار با محیط زیست است که می&shy; تواند در حذف فلزات سنگین نقش مهمی ایفا نماید. در این پژوهش که در سال 1400 به انجام رسید؛ توانایی 20 گونه&shy; گیاهی در پالایش عناصر نقره، سرب و روی از خاک معدن زرشوران ارزیابی گردید.&nbsp; </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">روش بررسی:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> پس از انتخاب 20 ایستگاه نمونه برداری، عملیات نمونه &shy;گیری از خاک و گیاهان انجام شد. پس از آماده سازی نمونه&shy; ها، مقدار عناصر مورد مطالعه با بهره&shy; گیری از روش طیف&shy; سنجی جرمی پلاسمای جفت شده القائی </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">(ICP-MS)</span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> تعیین شدند. سطوح آلودگی فلزات در</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">خاک با استفاده از فاکتور غنی شدگی </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">(EF)</span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> ارزیابی شد. همچنین ضرایب غنی شدگی عناصر در ریشه </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">(ECR)</span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> و اندام هوایی </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">(ECS)</span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">، فاکتور انتقال </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">(TF)</span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> و نیز شاخص انباشت فلزات در گیاهان </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">(MAI)</span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> محاسبه گردید.&nbsp; </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">یافته</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">‌</span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ها</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">: آلودگی بالایی برای عناصر </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Ag</span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">، </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Pb</span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Zn</span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> در خاک منطقه مورد مطالعه تعیین گردید. دو گونه&shy;<i> &shy;</i>گیاهی</span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Astragalus rostratus</span></span></i><i> </i><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">و</span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Prangos ferulacea</span></span></i><i> </i><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">دارای<i> </i></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">ECS</span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">TF</span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> بالاتر از یک برای عنصر نقره بودند. همچنین تنها</span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Eryngium billaridieri</span></span></i><i> </i><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">و<i> </i></span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Scrozonera latifolia</span></span></i><i> </i><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">دارای 1</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">ECS/ECR ></span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> و 1</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">TF<</span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> برای هر سه عنصر بودند. بیشترین میزان </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">MAI</span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> در ریشه و اندام هوایی به ترتیب با مقادیر 29/7و 16/2 به گیاه<i> </i></span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">E. billardieri</span></span></i><i> </i><span lang="FA" style="line-height:150%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">تعلق داشت.<i></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">نتیجه &shy;گیری:</span></span></b><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">گیاهان<i> </i></span></span><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">A. rostratus</span></span></i><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P. ferulacea</span></span> </i><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">دارای قابلیت استخراج عنصر نقره از خاک بودند. همچنین تنها دو گونه<i> </i><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><em>E. billaridieri</em></span> و <span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><em>S. latifolia </em></span>قابلیت تثبیت هر سه عنصر را داشتند. با استناد به مقادیر<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">MAI</span>، گیاه <span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><em>E. billardieri </em></span>از بیشترین توانایی در انباشت زیستی عناصر نقره، سرب و روی برخوردار بود. <i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</i></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><i>&nbsp; </i></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Background and Objective:</span></span></b> <span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Phytoremediation is one of the eco-friendly treatment methods that can play important role in removing heavy metals.</span></span> <span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">In the present research that was done in 2021, the potential of 20 plant species for treatment of silver, lead, and zinc elements from the soil of Zarshouran mine area was evaluated.&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Materials and Methods: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">Sampling of the soil and plants were done following the selection of 20 sampling points. After preparing the samples, the amount of the studied elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">). Metal pollution levels in the soil were assessed</span></span> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">using the enrichment factor (EF). Moreover, the enrichment coefficient of root (ECR) and shoot (ECS), translocation factor (TF) and metal accumulation index (MAI) were calculated.</span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> <pre style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span courier="" new="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">A high contamination of Ag, Pb and Zn elements were determined in the soil of the studied area. Two plant species <i>Astragalus rostratus</i> and <i>Prangos ferulacea</i> had ECS and TF higher than one for Ag. Also, only <i>Eryngium billaridieri</i> and <i>Scrozonera latifolia</i> had ECS/ECR >1 and TF <1 for the three elements. The highest amount of MAI in root and shoot belonged to <i>E. billardieri</i> with values ​​of 29.7 and 16.2, respectively.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre> <pre style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span courier="" new="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b> <i><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">A. rostratus</span></span></span></i><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> and <i>P. ferulacea</i> had the potential for phytoextraction of Ag from the soil. Also, only two species <i>E. billaridieri</i> and <i>S. latifolia</i> were able to phytostabilization all three elements. Based on MAI values, <i>E. billardieri</i> had the greatest ability to bioaccumulate </span></span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Ag</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, Pb and Zn elements.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre> <div style="text-align: justify;"></div> انباشت زیستی, گیاه پالایی, تثبیت گیاهی, استخراج گیاهی, کانسار زرشوران Bioaccumulation, Phytoremediation, Phytostablization, Phytoextraction, Zarshouran deposit 379 398 http://ijhe.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-912-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Samaneh Torbati سمانه تربتی samaneh.torbati@yahoo.com Yes Department of Ecology and Aquatic Stocks Management, Artemia and Aquaculture Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran گروه اکولوژی و مدیریت ذخایر آبی، پژوهشکده آرتمیا و آبزی پروری، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران Shokouh Esmailbegi Kermani شکوه اسمعیل بگی کرمانی Sh.esmailbegi@urmia.ac.ir No Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران